Do Arthroscopic and Open Stabilization Techniques Restore Equivalent Stability to the Shoulder in the Setting of Anterior Glenohumeral Instability? A Systematic Review of Overlapping Meta-Analyses
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The glenohumeral joint is the most unstable joint in the human body, with traumatic instability occurring in up to 5% of men aged between 20 and 30 years and at a rate of 11.2 per 100,000 person-years for all ages. The primary pathology that occurs with dislocation involves disruption of the anteroinferior capsule and labrum and is seen in 87% to 97% of shoulders after an anterior instability event. This lesion is frequently called the “Bankart lesion” and was originally described in 1923. Recurrent shoulder instability occurs in 25% to 100% of cases treated non-operatively.
Instability frequently recurs in young patients without operative treatment. Both open and arthroscopic approaches to shoulder stabilization with labral repair and capsulorrhaphy have been described and are routinely used. Multiple trials have been conducted to compare these approaches, with multiple meta-analyses performed to synthesize these trials; however, the results remain controversial. The purpose of this study was to critically evaluate the current meta-analyses to identify the current state of the art.
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